How to use tomato fertilizer to get the best tomato production
By Kathy Widenhouse, award-winning writer and owner of Tomato Dirt, a leading online source of for growing tomatoes in the home garden.
Take a few simple steps to give the right kind of tomato fertilizer to your plants at the right time during growing season.
Over the course of a few months, a tomato grows from a tiny seed into a mature plant putting out dozens of fruit. It’s no wonder tomatoes are heavy feeders. Fertilizing begins before setting plants out in garden and continues until frost.
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Start fertilizing before planting
Work compost into the soil before planting. Compost will improve the soil and provide a strong array of nutrients for the new tomato seedlings.
If you work in organic matter to the soil that has not yet broken down into compost (such as leaves or grass clippings), apply a good source of nitrogen, too, since organic material uses nitrogen when breaking down. (Learn specifics about preparing your soil for planting tomatoes.)
Fertilize when planting
When you plant tomatoes, add a handful of tomato fertilizer or bone meal to the planting hole. Keep a careful eye on newly-planted seedlings for the first two weeks. Transplanted seedlings with yellowed leaves at the base need to be fed again. (Read four easy steps to planting tomatoes.)
Fertilize when fruit has set
Use these tips to fertilize tomatoes when fruit has set:
Apply tomato fertilizer once fruit has formed. Some gardeners look for their first tomatoes to be golf ball size as a signal to begin the season’s systematic feeding program. Make sure to use a fertilizer that has the nutrient content that tomatoes need.
Continue fertilizing tomatoes about every 3-4 weeks until frost.
Tomatoes grown in sandy soil should be fertilized more often because nutrients leach quickly from soil.
Tomatoes grown in heavy, clay soils will retain nutrients and can be fertilized on a less-frequent schedule.
One of the easiest ways to fertilize tomatoes is by side-dressing. Side-dressing your tomato plants is a fancy way of saying, “apply fertilizer and work it into the soil around an established tomato plant.”
How to apply tomato fertilizer
- Pull away mulch about 4-6 inches away from the base of the tomato plant
- Sprinkle 2-3 tablespoons fertilizer around the drip line of the plant. Do not allow the fertilizer to touch the plant, or it will burn the leaves and stems.
- Use a garden hand tool to gently work fertilizer into the soil. Do not penetrate soil too deeply or you will disturb the plant’s root system.
- Water the tomato plant to allow fertilizer to begin absorption into the soil.
- Replace the mulch around the base of the plant.
About one pound of granular fertilizer will be enough to side-dress 10 tomato plants.
Plan for next year by rotating crops
Since tomatoes are heavy feeders, try not to deplete your garden soil by planting them in the same spot each year. Rotate crops instead. Ideally, the garden shouldn’t have tomatoes in the same spot more than once every 4 years.
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